If you are interested in what millions of developers around the world are doing and who are their favorite web technologies, continue reading. We present the results of significant research for 2018, one of which was conducted as part of a survey of more than 100,000 participants on Stack Overflow, while the second shows a cross-section of the GitHub repository in the last year, rounded up in a report called Octoverse 2018.

In case you have not met with Stack Overflow so far, keep in mind that 10 years ago it was launched as a forum where each of the developers can get the answer to the requested question. Today, the issues are covered by 133 areas, and according to official data, the portal records more than 50 million visits per month. So far, 14 million questions have been raised, to which 19 million times have been answered, and it is estimated that more than 7.5 billion times developers on this site have managed to find the required response or solution to the problem.

On the other hand, GitHub is the most popular repository of open source projects and, in some ways, a platform for mutual collaboration between developers and joint development of projects, with source code management and audit control, where 31 million programmers from around the world actively participate. Over the past year, GutHub has opened eight million developers, more than they were in the first six years of the existence of the repository.

A special segment of the mentioned research was the testing of web technologies that developers most often use in their work. On this occasion, we will focus precisely on this part of the results obtained and see which are the most popular web technologies in 2018.

Here's a summary of the results of using different programming languages, frameworks, tools, and plug-ins, while you can look at the complete Stack Overflow report on Stack Overflow, and the entire Octoverse 2018 report on GitHub.

STACK OVERFLOW RESEARCH FOR 2018

The research involved 101,592 developers from 183 countries around the world. The online survey was conducted in January 2018, and the respondents answered questions about what they are doing, how they learn, how to build their careers, what tools they use, how much they have and what they expect from the job.

Almost 60% of respondents identified themselves as back-end developers, almost half as a full-stack programmer, and about 37% as front-end developers, while around 20% are considered mobile developers.

About 55% of professional developers point out that it contributes to open source, and 45% of them do not. In addition, as many as 80% of programmers say that they are coding as a hobby or have started a career from a hobby.

Regarding the relationship between male and female programmers, there were about 92% of men and about 8% of women among respondents.

POPULAR TOPICS: FROM THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO ETHICS IN CODING

In the online community of developers this year, topics that were not previously covered by the survey were launched. It is about the use of artificial intelligence and the application of ethical principles in coding. Since this year's survey has gathered the largest number of participants, interesting results from the survey were also interesting.

Let's bring some key insights.

Machine learning and DevOps are significant trends in the software industry today. In scale, there is a growing interest in programming languages and frameworks for such operations, and developers working in these areas also have the highest wages.

Developers are largely optimistic about the capabilities provided by artificial intelligence but disagree over what kind of dangers they are taking along.

The use of the Python programming language has grown over last year and has taken the lead in the list of most frequently used languages. In that way, he threw out the C # language, surpassing it by popularity, as he surpassed the PHP language last year.

When considering a bid for a new job, programmers distinguish items that they consider to be a priority. It turned out that women's decision is most influenced by the company's culture and professional development opportunities, while men's priorities highlight the level of compensation and the ability to work with specific web technologies.

Only a small number of programmers say they would write an unethical code or that they have no obligation to consider the ethical implications of their work. Beyond that, respondents answered that they mostly saw the so-called ethical gray area. This means that they are not sure how to report an ethical problem, or who is actually responsible for the implementation of an unethical code.

POPULAR PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

For the sixth year in a row, JavaScript is in the top position in the category of the most popular programming, markup and scripting languages. It is used by 71.5% of the respondents, while the second position is HTML (69.4%), while the third place is taken by CSS (66.2%).

Interestingly, the Python language this year has risen to 8th place, which has surpassed C # in the list of popular technologies, as it surpassed PHP's popularity last year. This Python is the language in which the fastest growing interest among programmers is.

Also, the third year in a row, Rust is the most popular programming language among the respondents, and immediately the language Kotlin, which was first included in the survey, and turned out to be a great interest in him.

The last three positions among the 25 most popular languages are Groovy, Scala and Perl. For each of them, less than 5% of the programmers declared to use them.

POPULAR PROGRAM FRAMES, LIBRARIES, AND TOOLS

Node.js and Angular are still the most widely used technologies in this category, while React and .NET Core are becoming more and more popular for many developers.

In list 10 of the most popular programming frameworks, libraries, and tools in 2018, were:

• Node.js (49.9% of respondents use it)
• Angular (37.6%)
• React (28.3%)
• .NET Core (27.2%)
• Spring (17.8%)
• Django (12.8%)
• Cordova (8.6%)
• TensorFlow (7.6%)
• Xamarin (7.4%)
• Spark (4.8%)

POPULAR DATABASES IN 2018

The survey found that more than half (58.6%) of developers use the MySQL database, followed immediately by popularity by SQL Server (41.6%) and PostgreSQL (33.3%).

On the other hand, the least used databases are Apache Hive (2.2%), Google BigQuery (2.1%) and Apache HBase (1.7%).

POPULAR PLATFORMS IN 2018

The developers pointed out that most of their projects used Linux and Windows Desktop (or Server) platforms. Namely, Linux was used by almost half of the respondents, while just over a third used the Windows platform. Next comes the Android platforms (29.3%), AWS (24.9%) and Mac OS (18.1%). The CMS platform of WordPress was ranked 6th (16.1%), while the 7th position took iOS.

Among the least popular were Drupal, which uses 3.1% of programmers, Amazon Echo (3%) and Windows Phone (2.7%).

WHO BENEFITS MOST?

Interestingly, the salary level of experts in the US and the rest of the world is very different, so developers in America earn about $ 100,000 a year or more, while the highest salary for developers in the rest of the world is about $ 74,000 annually. So much earn those who know the work with web technologies, F #, Ocaml, Clojure, and Groovy.

Some $ 65,000 a year, worldwide, have those who work with the languages Ruby, Go and Scala, while about $ 55,000, which are also the lowest salaries, are earned by developers who work with Swift, Lua, Python, JavaScript, HTML, and CSS.

GITHUB RESEARCH OCTOVERSE 2018

Like every October, last year, experts from the GitHub repository published an annual report. This Octoverse 2018 road map included a cross-sectional view of this repository over the past 365 days, and the report was published at the GitHub Universe Conference, held in San Francisco from October 16 to 18, 2018.

The report covers the period from October 1, 2017, to September 30, 2018. It turned out to be one of the most productive years at GitHub, since nearly a third of the 96 million projects launched in the past 12 months. In addition, out of a total of 200 million requests for pull requests, another third was launched this year, and this was also the year when developers collaborated most with each other.

Which web technologies and themes have proven to be the most popular, most accurate, most wanted?

POPULAR TOPICS: REACT, DOCKER, LINUX …

Among the web technologies that are not related to programming languages, the React program framework has been mentioned most frequently in projects and comments over the past year and has proved to be the most popular topic among programmers.

According to the popularity of technologies related to operating systems, platforms or services, follow Android, Node.js, Docker, iOS, Linux, Angular, Machine Learning, Electron, and APIs.

POPULAR OPEN CODES PROJECTS

VS Code, React and TensorFlow is also at the top of the list of Open Source projects on GitHub by the number of participants. Novelty on the list is projects related to the management of storage applications, as well as those dealing with the sharing of Azure documentation and those that consolidate TypeSign definitions, such as Kubernetes, Azure Docs, and DefinitelyTyped.

It's noteworthy that Microsoft is the leader in the number of projects, which is somewhat understandable, as Microsoft took over GitHub in June 2018.

PROJECTS FOR WHICH THE INTERESTS ARE INCREASED

There is a growing interest in projects related to machine learning, video games, 3D printing, automation of home processes, scientific programming, data analysis, and full-stack JavaScript programming.

CONCLUSION

Based on last year's research, we can conclude that amongst the developers around the world there is increasing interest in the areas of artificial intelligence, machine learning, automated processes, ethics in coding and analysis of large amounts of data, and web technologies used to develop such applications and digital products also get important.

It's also noticeable that Python's programming language is becoming more and more popular year after year, while JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are traditionally occupying the first places among popular languages. As a special trend, the increasing popularity of the React for JavaScript and the Angular Framework for the same language is also increasing.

All in all, we hope that this overview of the situation among the most popular web technologies in 2018 can be of use to your everyday work and further career development.